CVE-2025-23589

CVE-2025-23589 is an Improper Neutralization of Input During Web Page Generation vulnerability, classified as Reflected Cross-site Scripting (XSS) under CWE-79, in the ContentOptin Lite WordPress plugin by markugwuanyi. This issue affects ContentOptin Lite versions from n/a through 1.1 inclusive. Published on 2025-01-22, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:L).

Attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low complexity and no required privileges, though it demands user interaction such as clicking a malicious link. Successful exploitation reflects attacker-controlled input in the generated web page, executing arbitrary JavaScript in the victim's browser context. With a changed scope, this enables low-level impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability, such as session hijacking or limited site manipulation on behalf of the authenticated user.

Mitigation guidance is available in the Patchstack advisory at https://patchstack.com/database/Wordpress/Plugin/contentoptin/vulnerability/wordpress-contentoptin-lite-plugin-1-1-reflected-cross-site-scripting-xss-vulnerability?_s_id=cve.