Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-26794

High

Published: 21 February 2025

Published
21 February 2025
Modified
18 December 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.7509 98.9th percentile
Risk Priority 60 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Description

Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.

Security Summary

CVE-2025-26794 is a remote SQL injection vulnerability (CWE-89) in Exim 4.98 before 4.98.1. The issue arises when SQLite hints and ETRN serialization features are enabled, allowing injection into SQLite databases used by Exim, a popular mail transfer agent (MTA).

Remote attackers require no privileges or user interaction and can exploit the vulnerability over the network with low attack complexity (CVSS v3.1 score of 7.5: AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H). Exploitation results in high-impact denial of service, potentially disrupting mail delivery without compromising confidentiality or integrity.

Exim security advisories recommend updating to version 4.98.1 to address the vulnerability. However, in certain non-default rate-limit configurations, resolving the SQL injection fully requires an update to 4.99.1. Additional details are available in the Exim security report at https://exim.org/static/doc/security/EXIM-Security-2025-12-09.1/report.txt, the patch commit at https://code.exim.org/exim/exim/exim/commit/bfe32b5c6ea033736a26da8421513206db9fe305, and related resources on https://exim.org and https://github.com/Exim/exim/wiki/EximSecurity.

Details

CWE(s)
CWE-89

Affected Products

exim
exim
4.98 — 4.98.1

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

Remote SQL injection in public-facing Exim MTA directly enables exploitation of the application to cause denial of service (high availability impact, no C/I), mapping to application/system exploitation for endpoint DoS.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

References