Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-45378

Critical

Published: 05 November 2025

Published
05 November 2025
Modified
07 November 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.1 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0006 19.3th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Description

Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.

Security Summary

CVE-2025-45378 is a vulnerability in the restricted shell of Dell CloudLink, affecting versions 8.0 through 8.1.2. Classified under CWE-78 (OS Command Injection), it enables a privileged user with a known password to break into the command shell of the CloudLink server, gain shell access, escalate privileges, and obtain unauthorized access to the system. The issue was published on 2025-11-05 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.1 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity with network accessibility, low attack complexity, high privileges required, changed scope, and high impacts on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Exploitation targets a privileged user account where the password is known to the attacker. If SSH is enabled with the server's web credentials, the attack can be performed remotely over the network. Upon success, the attacker achieves full command shell access, privilege escalation, and broad unauthorized control over the CloudLink server and underlying system resources.

Dell advisories detail mitigation in DSA-2025-374, a security update addressing multiple vulnerabilities in Dell CloudLink. Security practitioners should consult https://www.dell.com/support/kbdoc/en-us/000384363/dsa-2025-374-security-update-for-dell-cloudlink-multiple-security-vulnerabilities for patch deployment instructions and additional remediation steps.

Details

CWE(s)
CWE-78

Affected Products

dell
cloudlink
8.0 — 8.1.2

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1068 Exploitation for Privilege Escalation Privilege Escalation
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities in an attempt to elevate privileges.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
Why these techniques?

CVE enables OS command injection in restricted shell for privileged users, directly facilitating Unix shell access (T1059.004), privilege escalation (T1068), and exploitation of remote service (T1210).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

References