Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-46581

Critical

Published: 14 October 2025

Published
14 October 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0020 41.7th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Description

Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.

Security Summary

CVE-2025-46581 is a remote code execution (RCE) vulnerability stemming from an issue in the Apache Struts framework, affecting ZTE's ZXCDN product. This flaw, classified under CWE-94 (Improper Control of Generation of Code), carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity due to its high impact on confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability over the network with low complexity and no user interaction required. Successful exploitation allows remote command execution on the affected system, albeit with non-root privileges, potentially enabling unauthorized access, data exfiltration, or further system compromise.

Mitigation details are outlined in ZTE's security bulletin available at https://support.zte.com.cn/zte-iccp-isupport-webui/bulletin/detail/3747693852734546826, which security practitioners should consult for patching instructions and workarounds.

Details

CWE(s)
CWE-94

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise Techniques

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

CVE-2025-46581 is a critical unauthenticated RCE vulnerability in Apache Struts within ZTE's public-facing ZXCDN product, directly enabling exploitation of a public-facing application.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

References