Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-12107

High

Published: 19 February 2026

Published
19 February 2026
Modified
06 March 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.4 CVSS:3.1/AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0058 69.1th percentile
Risk Priority 17 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Description

Due to the use of a vulnerable third-party Velocity template engine, a malicious actor with admin privilege may inject and execute arbitrary template syntax within server-side templates. Successful exploitation of this vulnerability could allow a malicious actor with admin privilege…

more

to inject and execute arbitrary template code on the server, potentially leading to remote code execution, data manipulation, or unauthorized access to sensitive information.

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mandates timely remediation of the known flaw in the third-party Velocity template engine via patching as recommended in the WSO2 advisory.

detect

Requires vulnerability scanning to identify the CVE-2025-12107 flaw in the Velocity template engine for proactive remediation.

prevent

Mitigates template injection attacks by validating and sanitizing inputs to the vulnerable Velocity server-side templates.

Security SummaryAI

CVE-2025-12107 is a vulnerability stemming from the use of a vulnerable third-party Velocity template engine in WSO2 products. It enables a malicious actor with admin privileges to inject and execute arbitrary template syntax within server-side templates. Published on 2026-02-19, the issue is classified under CWE-1336 with a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.4 (AV:A/AC:L/PR:H/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating high severity due to its potential for significant impact across confidentiality, integrity, and availability in a changed scope.

Exploitation requires an attacker with high-privilege (admin) access on an adjacent network, achievable with low attack complexity and no user interaction. Upon successful injection of arbitrary template code, the attacker can achieve remote code execution on the server, data manipulation, or unauthorized access to sensitive information.

The WSO2 security advisory WSO2-2025-4517 provides details on mitigation and patches at https://security.docs.wso2.com/en/latest/security-announcements/security-advisories/2026/WSO2-2025-4517/.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

wso2
identity server
5.11.0

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1221 Template Injection Stealth
Adversaries may create or modify references in user document templates to conceal malicious code or force authentication attempts.
Why these techniques?

CVE-2025-12107 is a server-side template injection vulnerability in the Velocity template engine, directly enabling T1221 Template Injection for arbitrary code execution.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

References