Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-12548

Critical

Published: 13 January 2026

Published
13 January 2026
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score 9.0 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.4368 97.5th percentile
Risk Priority 44 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Description

A flaw was found in Eclipse Che che-machine-exec. This vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote arbitrary command execution and secret exfiltration (SSH keys, tokens, etc.) from other users' Developer Workspace containers, via an unauthenticated JSON-RPC / websocket API exposed on TCP port…

more

3333.

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Directly remediates the authentication flaw in che-machine-exec by applying vendor patches such as Red Hat errata RHSA-2025:22620.

SC-7 Boundary Protection good match
prevent

Monitors and controls communications at external interfaces to block unauthorized network access to the exposed TCP port 3333 JSON-RPC/WebSocket API.

AC-3 Access Enforcement good match
prevent

Enforces approved access authorizations to prevent unauthenticated remote command execution and secret exfiltration from Developer Workspace containers.

Security SummaryAI

CVE-2025-12548 is a vulnerability in the Eclipse Che che-machine-exec component, enabling unauthenticated remote arbitrary command execution and secret exfiltration, including SSH keys and tokens, from other users' Developer Workspace containers. The issue stems from an unauthenticated JSON-RPC/WebSocket API exposed on TCP port 3333. It is associated with CWE-306 (Missing Authentication for Critical Function) and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.0 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H). The vulnerability was published on 2026-01-13.

The attack requires low privileges (PR:L), is network-accessible with low complexity and user interaction, and changes scope upon exploitation. An attacker can achieve high-impact confidentiality, integrity, and availability effects by executing arbitrary commands and exfiltrating sensitive data from other users' workspaces via the exposed API.

Red Hat has issued patches via errata RHSA-2025:22620, RHSA-2025:22623, and RHSA-2025:22652. Further details on the vulnerability and mitigation are available in the Red Hat security advisory at https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-12548 and Bugzilla entry https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=2408850.

Details

CWE(s)
CWE-306

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1210 Exploitation of Remote Services Lateral Movement
Adversaries may exploit remote services to gain unauthorized access to internal systems once inside of a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
attack.mitre.org →
T1552.001 Credentials In Files Credential Access
Adversaries may search local file systems and remote file shares for files containing insecurely stored credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
T1552.004 Private Keys Credential Access
Adversaries may search for private key certificate files on compromised systems for insecurely stored credentials.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Vulnerability enables remote exploitation of a service for arbitrary Unix shell command execution (T1210, T1059.004) and direct exfiltration of credentials in files including private SSH keys and tokens (T1552.001, T1552.004).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

References