Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-12870

Critical

Published: 12 November 2025

Published
12 November 2025
Modified
18 November 2025
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 9.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0014 34.5th percentile
Risk Priority 20 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Description

The a+HRD developed by aEnrich has an Authentication Abuse vulnerability, allowing unauthenticated remote attackers to send crafted packets to obtain administrator access tokens and use them to access the system with elevated privileges.

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

AC-14 limits and authorizes specific actions performable without identification or authentication, directly preventing unauthenticated attackers from obtaining administrator access tokens via crafted packets.

prevent

AC-3 enforces approved authorizations for access to system resources, countering the authentication bypass that grants elevated privileges.

prevent

SI-10 validates information inputs to the system, blocking crafted packets that exploit the authentication abuse vulnerability.

Security SummaryAI

CVE-2025-12870 is an Authentication Abuse vulnerability (CWE-1390) affecting the a+HRD software developed by aEnrich. Published on 2025-11-12, it carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 9.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity due to its network accessibility, low complexity, and lack of prerequisites. The flaw enables unauthenticated remote attackers to send crafted packets that bypass authentication mechanisms.

Unauthenticated attackers can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with minimal effort. By crafting and transmitting specific packets, they can obtain valid administrator access tokens, granting elevated privileges to access and control the affected system. This results in high-impact compromise across confidentiality, integrity, and availability.

Mitigation guidance is available in advisories from TWCERT/CC (https://www.twcert.org.tw/en/cp-139-10487-12a32-2.html, https://www.twcert.org.tw/tw/cp-132-10486-a3459-1.html) and CHT Security (https://www.chtsecurity.com/news/b97e8337-6b0c-43e8-8e8c-187b7c0e13c2). Security practitioners should consult these resources for recommended patches, workarounds, or configuration changes to address the issue.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

aenrich
a\+hrd
≤ 7.5

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
Why these techniques?

The vulnerability allows unauthenticated remote attackers to bypass authentication via crafted packets on a network-accessible application, directly enabling exploitation of a public-facing application.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

References