Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-56099

High

Published: 11 December 2025

Published
11 December 2025
Modified
11 February 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 8.8 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0036 58.4th percentile
Risk Priority 18 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Description

OS Command Injection vulnerability in Ruijie RG-YST AP_3.0(1)B11P280YST250F allowing attackers to execute arbitrary commands via a crafted POST request to the pwdmodify in file /usr/lib/lua/luci/modules/common.lua.

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Requires validation of all information inputs, directly preventing OS command injection by ensuring crafted POST requests to pwdmodify do not contain executable commands.

prevent

Mandates timely identification, reporting, and correction of flaws like the command injection vulnerability in /usr/lib/lua/luci/modules/common.lua.

prevent

Restricts information inputs to system-defined acceptable content types and sources, blocking malicious payloads in POST requests targeting pwdmodify.

Security SummaryAI

CVE-2025-56099 is an OS Command Injection vulnerability (CWE-78) in Ruijie RG-YST AP_3.0(1)B11P280YST250F. The issue affects the pwdmodify function in the file /usr/lib/lua/luci/modules/common.lua, where a crafted POST request enables attackers to execute arbitrary operating system commands. The vulnerability was published on 2025-12-11T19:15:55.860 and carries a CVSS v3.1 base score of 8.8 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H).

An attacker with low privileges (PR:L) can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network (AV:N) with low attack complexity (AC:L) and no user interaction required (UI:N). By sending a specially crafted POST request to the pwdmodify endpoint, the attacker achieves arbitrary command execution on the underlying OS, resulting in high impacts to confidentiality, integrity, and availability (C:H/I:H/A:H) within the affected system's scope (S:U).

Advisories and additional details on mitigation are provided in the following references: https://1drv.ms/f/c/12406a392c92914b/EjgEtJ5yojhDpEoT-PbidhsBzsbVnT-D-32qK1bCrQN3-g?e=cVRYgN, https://1drv.ms/t/c/12406a392c92914b/ETaD7apCrPFLtMj473NHV2gBaYrKV9A4ZZKMfyWgC949Zw?e=iyjx5g, and https://github.com/flegoity/Ruijie-Multiple-Devices-Vulnerability-Reports-for-CVE/blob/main/CVE-2025-56099.md.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

ruijie
rg-yst250f firmware
3.0\(1\)b11p280yst250f
ruijie
rg-est310 v2 firmware
b11p221
ruijie
reyee os
219, 221
ruijie
rg-eap602 firmware
3.0\(1\)b2p55

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
T1059.004 Unix Shell Execution
Adversaries may abuse Unix shell commands and scripts for execution.
Why these techniques?

CVE enables exploitation of a public-facing web application (T1190) via crafted POST request for OS command injection, directly facilitating Unix Shell command execution (T1059.004) on the Linux-based device.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

References