Cyber Posture

CVE-2025-64126

Critical

Published: 26 November 2025

Published
26 November 2025
Modified
15 April 2026
KEV Added
—
Patch
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CVSS Score 10.0 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0832 92.3th percentile
Risk Priority 25 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Description

An OS command injection vulnerability exists due to improper input validation. The application accepts a parameter directly from user input without verifying it is a valid IP address or filtering potentially malicious characters. This could allow an unauthenticated attacker to…

more

inject arbitrary commands.

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

SI-10 Information Input Validation good match
prevent

Directly requires validation of user-supplied inputs expected to be IP addresses, preventing OS command injection from unverified parameters.

SI-2 Flaw Remediation good match
prevent

Mandates identification, reporting, and correction of the specific flaw in input validation, enabling patching or firmware updates to eliminate the vulnerability.

SI-9 Information Input Restrictions partial match
prevent

Enforces restrictions on input types and formats at system boundaries, blocking malicious characters in IP address parameters before they reach command execution.

Security SummaryAI

CVE-2025-64126 is an OS command injection vulnerability (CWE-78) caused by improper input validation in an application. The flaw arises when a user-supplied parameter, expected to be a valid IP address, is accepted directly without verification or filtering of potentially malicious characters. This affects software components outlined in CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-25-329-03, with related firmware details available on the Zenitel wiki for the Station and Device Firmware Package (VS-IS). The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 10.0 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H), indicating critical severity.

An unauthenticated attacker can exploit this vulnerability remotely over the network with low complexity and no privileges required. By crafting a malicious input for the vulnerable parameter, the attacker can inject and execute arbitrary operating system commands on the affected system, potentially achieving full confidentiality, integrity, and availability impacts with scope expansion.

CISA ICS Advisory ICSA-25-329-03, along with the corresponding CSAF JSON file on GitHub and Zenitel's firmware download page, provide mitigation details. Security practitioners should consult these resources for patch availability, firmware updates, and additional vendor-recommended workarounds to address the vulnerability.

Details

CWE(s)
CWE-78

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1190 Exploit Public-Facing Application Initial Access
Adversaries may attempt to exploit a weakness in an Internet-facing host or system to initially access a network.
attack.mitre.org →
T1059 Command and Scripting Interpreter Execution
Adversaries may abuse command and script interpreters to execute commands, scripts, or binaries.
attack.mitre.org →
Why these techniques?

Unauthenticated remote OS command injection in a public-facing application enables exploitation of public-facing apps (T1190) and arbitrary command execution via scripting interpreters (T1059).

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v19.0

References