Cyber Posture

CVE-2026-28389

High

Published: 07 April 2026

Published
07 April 2026
Modified
23 April 2026
KEV Added
Patch
CVSS Score 7.5 CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H
EPSS Score 0.0004 12.1th percentile
Risk Priority 15 60% EPSS · 20% KEV · 20% CVSS

Description

Issue summary: During processing of a crafted CMS EnvelopedData message with KeyAgreeRecipientInfo a NULL pointer dereference can happen. Impact summary: Applications that process attacker-controlled CMS data may crash before authentication or cryptographic operations occur resulting in Denial of Service. When…

more

a CMS EnvelopedData message that uses KeyAgreeRecipientInfo is processed, the optional parameters field of KeyEncryptionAlgorithmIdentifier is examined without checking for its presence. This results in a NULL pointer dereference if the field is missing. Applications and services that call CMS_decrypt() on untrusted input (e.g., S/MIME processing or CMS-based protocols) are vulnerable. The FIPS modules in 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue, as the affected code is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.

Mitigating Controls (NIST 800-53 r5)AI

prevent

Directly mitigates the NULL pointer dereference in OpenSSL by requiring timely application of vendor patches to vulnerable versions.

prevent

Requires applications processing untrusted CMS EnvelopedData to handle missing optional parameters gracefully without crashing.

prevent

Mandates validation of attacker-controlled CMS inputs to reject crafted KeyAgreeRecipientInfo messages lacking required fields.

Security SummaryAI

CVE-2026-28389 is a NULL pointer dereference vulnerability in the OpenSSL cryptographic library. The issue arises during processing of a crafted CMS EnvelopedData message that uses KeyAgreeRecipientInfo, where the optional parameters field of the KeyEncryptionAlgorithmIdentifier is examined without first checking for its presence, resulting in a crash if the field is absent. Applications and services that invoke CMS_decrypt() on untrusted input, such as those involved in S/MIME processing or CMS-based protocols, are affected. OpenSSL FIPS modules in versions 3.6, 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, and 3.0 are not vulnerable, as the affected code lies outside the FIPS module boundary. The vulnerability has a CVSS v3.1 base score of 7.5 (AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H) and is associated with CWE-476.

A network-accessible attacker can exploit this vulnerability by supplying a maliciously crafted CMS EnvelopedData message to a vulnerable application. No privileges, authentication, or user interaction are required. Exploitation triggers a denial of service condition, causing the application to crash before any authentication or cryptographic operations can occur.

OpenSSL has addressed the vulnerability through fixes in their GitHub repository, including commits 16cea4188e0ea567deb4f93f85902247e67384f5, 785cbf7ea3b5a6f5adf0c1ccb92b79d89c35c616, 7b5274e812400cacb6f3be4c2df5340923fa807f, c6725634e089eb2b634b10ede33944be7248172a, and f80f83bc5fd036bc47d773e8b15a001e2b4ce686. Security practitioners should update to patched OpenSSL versions incorporating these changes.

Details

CWE(s)

Affected Products

openssl
openssl
1.0.2 — 1.0.2zp · 1.1.1 — 1.1.1zg · 3.0.0 — 3.0.20

MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise TechniquesAI

T1499.004 Application or System Exploitation Impact
Adversaries may exploit software vulnerabilities that can cause an application or system to crash and deny availability to users.
Why these techniques?

NULL pointer dereference in OpenSSL CMS processing allows unauthenticated remote attacker to supply crafted EnvelopedData causing application crash/DoS; directly matches Application or System Exploitation sub-technique under Endpoint Denial of Service.

Confidence: HIGH · MITRE ATT&CK Enterprise v18.1

References