CVE-2026-31228
Published: 12 May 2026
Summary
CVE-2026-31228 is a critical-severity Code Injection (CWE-94) vulnerability in Notion (inferred from references). Its CVSS base score is 9.8 (Critical).
Operationally, ranked in the top 47.8% of CVEs by exploit likelihood; it is not currently listed in the CISA KEV catalog.
This vulnerability is AI-related — categorised as Deep Learning Frameworks; in the Adversarial Attacks risk domain.
Threat & Defense Details
Likely Mitigating ControlsAI
Per-CVE control mapping for this CVE has not run yet; the list below is derived from the weakness types (CWEs) cited in the NVD entry.
Makes persistent code injection into loaded programs impossible when the executable image itself resides on hardware-protected read-only media.
Dynamically generated code can be produced and executed inside the isolated chamber, preventing host compromise from code-injection payloads.
Validates inputs used in dynamic code generation to block injected directives.
Directly prevents execution of attacker-supplied code written into data memory regions.
NVD Description
The Adversarial Robustness Toolbox (ART) thru 1.20.1 contains a remote code execution vulnerability in its Kubeflow component. The robustness evaluation function for PyTorch models uses the unsafe eval() function to dynamically evaluate user-supplied strings for the LossFn and Optimizer parameters…
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without any sanitization or security restrictions. An attacker can exploit this by providing a specially crafted string that contains arbitrary Python code, which will be executed when eval() is called, leading to complete compromise of the system running the ART evaluation.
Deeper analysisAI
Automated synthesis unavailable for this CVE.
Details
- CWE(s)
Affected Products
AI Security AnalysisAI
- AI Category
- Deep Learning Frameworks
- Risk Domain
- Adversarial Attacks
- OWASP Top 10 for LLMs 2025
- None mapped
- Classification Reason
- Matched keywords: pytorch